Hunter lowland redgum forest in the Sydney Basin and NSW North Coast bioregions - endangered ecological community listing

The Scientific Committee, established by the Threatened Species Conservation Act, has made a Final Determination to list the Hunter Lowland Redgum Forest in the Sydney Basin and NSW North Coast Bioregions as an ENDANGERED ECOLOGICAL COMMUNITY in Part 3 of Schedule 1 of the Act. Listing of endangered ecological communities is provided for by Part 2 of the Act.

NSW Scientific Committee - final determination

The Scientific Committee has found that:

1. Hunter Lowland Redgum Forest in the Sydney Basin and NSW North Coast Bioregions is the name given to the ecological community found on gentle slopes arising from depressions and drainage flats on permian sediments of the Hunter Valley floor in the Sydney Basin and NSW North Coast Bioregions and characterised by the following assemblage of species:

2. The total species list of the community is considerably larger than that given above, with many species present in only one or two sites or in very small quantity. The species composition of a site will be influenced by the size of the site, recent rainfall or drought condition and by its disturbance (including fire) history. The number of species, and the above ground relative abundance of species will change with time since fire, and may also change in response to changes in fire regime (including changes in fire frequency). At any one time, above ground individuals of some species may be absent, but the species may be represented below ground in the soil seed banks or as dormant structures such as bulbs, corms, rhizomes, rootstocks or lignotubers. The list of species given above is of vascular plant species, the community also includes micro-organisms, fungi, cryptogamic plants and a diverse fauna, both vertebrate and invertebrate. These components of the community are poorly documented.

3. Hunter Lowland Redgum Forest in the Sydney Basin and NSW North Coast Bioregions has been recorded from the local government areas of Maitland, Cessnock and Port Stephens (in the Sydney Basin Bioregion) and Muswellbrook and Singleton (in the NSW North Coast Bioregion) but may occur elsewhere in these bioregions.

4. The Community is described and discussed in NSW NPWS (2000) as MU 19 - Hunter Lowland Redgum Forest.

5. The Hunter Lowland Redgum Forest in the Sydney Basin and NSW North Coast Bioregions is generally an open forest with most common canopy trees species being Eucalyptus tereticornis and  Eucalyptus punctata although other frequently occurring canopy species are  Angophora costata,  Corymbia maculata,  Eucalyptus crebra and  Eucalyptus moluccana, with a number of other eucalypts being less frequently recorded. The mid stratum is characterised as open with sparse shrubs of  Breynia oblongifolia,  Leucopogon juniperinus,  Daviesia ulicifolia and  Jacksonia scoparia. There is consistently a ground layer of grasses and herbs, characterised by  Microlaena stipoides var.  stipoides,  Cymbopogon refractus,  Echinopogon caespitosus var.  caespitosus,  Cheilanthes sieberi subsp.  sieberi and  Pratia purpurascens.

6. Currently only a small area (less than 2% of total) of Hunter Lowland Redgum Forest in the Sydney Basin and NSW North Coast Bioregions is included in NPWS estate in the Lower Hunter (Wereketa) National Park. The majority of the remainder of the community is not on public land.

7. Modelling included in NSW NPWS (2000) shows that much of the pre-1750 extent of the community has been cleared. Only about 27% (less than 500 ha) of the original distribution survives and this is highly fragmented.

8. Although much of the clearing occurred early in European settlement, clearing still continues at a high rate. Between 1988 and 2001 approx 2380 ha were approved for clearing (advice from Department of Infrastructure, Planning and Natural Resources August 2001). In addition to clearing and fragmentation other threats include grazing, weed invasion, altered fire frequency and, locally, rubbish dumping.

9. In view of the above the Scientific Committee is of the opinion that the Hunter Lowland Redgum Forest in the Sydney Basin and NSW North Coast Bioregions is likely to become extinct in nature in New South Wales unless the circumstances and factors threatening its survival or evolutionary development cease to operate.

Proposed Gazettal date: 13/12/02

Exhibition period: 13/12/02 - 31/01/03

Reference: 

NSW NPWS (2000) Vegetation Survey and Mapping - Lower Hunter and Central Coast Region. Report prepared for the Lower Hunter and Central Coast Regional Environment Management Strategy, Version 1.1 April 2000. 178pp